35KHM steel is used: for the production of turbine components, shafts, gears, spindles, pins, bolts, nuts, flanges, wheels, tires, rods and other critical parts operating under conditions of high loads and velocities at temperatures up to 450−500 °C; to improve the production of various parts: shafts, axles, gears, brake bands of motors, flanges, housings plating, blades, compressor machines, levers, Cam followers; responsible welded structures, operating at alternating loads; for the manufacture of parts of valves by conducting the heat treatment.

Note

Structural steel high-quality chrome-molybdenum.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Sheets and strips	В23	GOST 103-2006
Bars and shapes	В32	GOST 1051-73, GOST 4543-71, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 14955-77, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-2252-2007, TU 14-1-5228-93, TU 14-136-367-2008
Bars and shapes	В22	GOST 1133-71, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings	В03	GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, TU 0306.018-80, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В31	OST 3-1686-90, TU 14-1-4944-90
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	ST ЦКБА 026-2005

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu	V	Ti	Mo	W
GOST 4543-71	0.32-0.4	≤0.035	≤0.035	0.4-0.7	0.8-1.1	0.17-0.37	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.05	≤0.03	0.15-0.25	≤0.2

Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 4543-71 the content in high-quality steel is regulated: P≤0,025%; S≤0.025%; Сu≤0.30%; in high-grade steel: P≤0,025%; S≤0.015%; Сu≤0.25%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	t отпуска, °C	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	y, %	KCU, kJ/m²	HB, MPa	HRC
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤120	600-630	590	785	15	50	686	235-277	-
Hardening + Vacation
≤40	-	1370	1570	12	38	-	-	49-53
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
-	300	1390	1570	9	44	490	450	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample longitudinal
-	-	430-480	580-690	7	16-23	-	-	-
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤200	640-660	490	685	15	45	588	212-248	-
Hardening + Vacation
500-800	-	345	590	12	33	390	174-217	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
-	400	1310	1410	10	50	590	400	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample longitudinal
-	-	365	430	7	13-30	-	-	-
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤50	560-580	785-880	980	11	45	686	293-331	-
Hardening + Vacation
100-300	-	395	615	15	40	540	187-229	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
-	500	1080	1200	15	54	880	350	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
-	-	420-510	610-710	17	54-61	-	-	-
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤80	560-600	640-785	785	13	42	588	229-286	-
Hardening + Vacation
300-500	-	395	615	13	35	490	187-229	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
-	600	840	930	19	63	1470	270	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
-	-	390	550	17	64	-	-	-
Quenching in oil from 840-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the following tempering in the air
≤30	200-220	1176-1274	1372	10	45	490	-	48.4-52.2
Hardening + Vacation
500-800	-	395	615	11	30	390	187-229	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C + vacation
-	700	660	730	20	70	1960	220	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
-	-	355	440	18	74	-	-	-
Quenching in oil from 850 °C + vacation at 560 °C, cooling in water or oil
≤25	-	835	930	12	45	765	-	-
Hardening + Vacation
≤100	-	440	635	16	45	590	197-235	-
Discs 755-915 mm, thickness of 35-110 mm. Bushing diameter 115-400 mm NV 212-223 [29]. Sample tangential
-	-	335	400	18	75	-	-	-
Quenching in oil with 850-870 °C + vacation at 180-200 °C, air cooling
50-80	640	810	-	-	40	579	260-322	-
Hardening + Vacation
100-300	-	440	635	14	40	540	197-235	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
-	-	770	880	22	66	-	-	-
Quenching in oil with 850-870 °C + vacation at 560-620 °C, air cooling
80-120	-	590	780	-	40	579	229-285	-
Hardening + Vacation
300-500	-	440	635	13	35	490	197-235	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
-	-	570	730	23	71	-	-	-
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
100-120	-	710	900	13	42	638	-	-
Hardening + Vacation
≤100	-	490	655	16	45	590	212-248	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
-	-	550	670	23	78	-	-	-
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
120-150	-	600	800	14	45	638	-	-
Hardening + Vacation
100-300	-	490	655	13	40	540	212-248	-
Quenching in oil at 880 °C to + vacation at 650 °C [82]
-	-	490	550	22	86	-	-	-
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
150-200	-	500	700	16	45	589	-	-
Hardening + Vacation
≤100	-	590	735	14	45	590	235-277	-
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
-	-	525	700	22	69	-	-	-
Quenching in oil 850-880 °C to + leave in 585-650 °C
100	-	750	950	13	42	638	-	-
Normalization
300-500	-	245	470	17	35	340	143-179	-
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
-	-	420	650	26	75	-	-	-
Normalization
500-800	-	245	470	15	30	340	143-179	-
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
-	-	400	540	24	80	-	-	-
Normalization
100-300	-	275	530	17	38	340	156-197	-
Rod. Normalization of 880 °C, the release of 650 °C, 2 h HB 207
-	-	385	470	25	84	-	-	-
Normalization
300-500	-	275	530	15	32	290	156-197	-
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
-	-	360	670	22	55	-	-	-
Normalization
≤100	-	315	570	17	38	390	167-207	-
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
-	-	300	650	26	75	-	-	-
Normalization
100-300	-	315	570	14	35	340	167-207	-
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
-	-	270	550	27	81	-	-	-
Normalization
≤100	-	345	590	18	45	590	174-217	-
Rod. Annealing 860 °C. HB 179
-	-	265	480	29	85	-	-	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
KCU	Toughness
HB	Brinell hardness number
HRC	Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical)

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	R, Mr. · m	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
0	213	82	7820	-	-	-	-
20	218	-	7820	-	328	-	-
100	212	-	7800	41	360	123	462
200	206	-	7770	40	-	126	-
300	201	-	7740	39	425	133	462
400	191	-	7770	37	523	139	-
600	-	-	7630	-	-	143	-
800	-	-	-	-	-	146	-

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
G	Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	limited weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, ADS submerged arc and gas protection, ARDS, ESW. Necessary preheating and subsequent heat treatment.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости	tend not
The temperature of forging	Start - 1260 °C, end - 800 °C. the cross Sections up to 100 mm are cooled in air, 101-300 mm - mulde.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity	sensitive
Machinability	In the hardened and tempered condition when NV 212-248 blower SB=660 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=0.8[101] b Kn.St.=0.72

35KHM steel

Designation

Description