20X steel is used: for the manufacture of hot rolled plates; bushings, gears, collars, sleeves, drives, plungers, levers and other case hardening of parts, which required high surface hardness with a low strength of the core; parts operating in conditions of wear and friction; parts of pipeline fittings from rolled steel; forged blanks and forgings (requires heat treatment: quenching in water and tempering air).

Note

Steel structural quality chrome.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Bars and shapes	В32	GOST 1051-73, GOST 4543-71, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 10702-78, GOST 14955-77, TU 14-1-5414-2001, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-1-3238-81, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-3238-2006, TU 14-1-1271-75, TU 14-1-5228-93, TU 14-136-367-2008
Sheets and strips	В33	GOST 1577-93, TU 14-1-1035-74, TU 14-1-1409-75, TU 14-1-1579-75, TU 14-1-2506-78, TU 14-1-4118-86, TU 14-1-4118-2004
Sheets and strips	В23	GOST 82-70, GOST 19903-74, GOST 103-2006, GOST 19903-90
Bars and shapes	В22	GOST 8278-83, GOST 8281-80, GOST 8282-83, GOST 8283-93, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 9234-74, GOST 11474-76, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings	В03	GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Steel pipes and fittings to them	В62	GOST 8732-78, GOST 8734-75, GOST 9567-75, GOST 23270-89, GOST 24950-81, GOST 8733-87, GOST 8731-87, GOST Р 53383-2009, TU 14-3-473-76, TU 14-3-1654-89
Welding and cutting metals. Soldering, riveting	В05	OST 26-17-017-85
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В31	OST 3-1686-90, TU 14-1-4944-90
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	ST ЦКБА 026-2005
Tape	В34	TU 3-326-86, TU 14-4-1389-86, TU 14-4-795-77

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu	V	Ti	Mo	W
TU 14-1-3238-81	0.17-0.23	≤0.03	≤0.03	0.5-0.8	0.7-1	0.17-0.37	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.05	≤0.03	≤0.15	≤0.2
GOST 10702-78	0.17-0.23	≤0.035	≤0.035	≤0.6	0.7-1	≤0.2	≤0.3	Rest	≤0.3	≤0.05	≤0.03	≤0.15	≤0.2

Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 4543-71 the content in high-quality steel is regulated: P≤0,025%; S≤0.025%; Сu≤0.30%; in high-grade steel: P≤0,025%; S≤0.015%; Сu≤0.25%. In accordance with the order, the content of Si = 0.10-0.37%, Mn = 0.4-0.8% can be established.
According to TU 14-1-3238-81, the chemical composition is given for steel grade 20ХА. For steel grade 20ХА-СШ the content S≤0.015%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	t отпуска, °C	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	y, %	KCU, kJ/m²	HB, MPa	HRC
Steel calibrated and calibrated with special surface finish
-	-	-	≥590	≥5	-	≥45	≤207	-
-	-	-	≤550	-	-	≥60	≤179	-
-	-	-	360-470	-	-	≥60	≤179	-
Forgings. Hardening + Vacation
100-300	-	≥245	≥470	≥19	≥42	≥383	143-179	-
100-300	-	≥275	≥530	≥17	≥38	≥333	156-197	-
100	-	≥275	≥530	≥20	≥40	≥432	156-197	-
100-300	-	≥315	≥570	≥14	≥35	≥333	167-207	-
100-300	-	≥345	≥590	≥17	≥40	≥530	174-217	-
Forgings. Normalization
100-300	-	≥195	≥390	≥23	≥50	≥530	111-156	-
300-500	-	≥195	≥390	≥20	≥45	≥481	111-156	-
100	-	≥195	≥390	≥26	≥55	≥579	111-156	-
100-300	-	≥215	≥430	≥20	≥48	≥481	123-167	-
100	-	≥215	≥430	≥24	≥53	≥530	123-167	-
100	-	≥245	≥470	≥22	≥48	≥481	143-179	-
Seamless hot deformed tubes in the delivery condition
	-	-	≥431	≥16	-	-	-	-
Blank pieces of pipe armature. Quenching in water from 880-900 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours, depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) + Vacation, air cooling
80	500-560	≥345	≥590	≥16	≥45	≥588	174-217	-
Hot-rolled steel and hot rolled with special surface heat-treated
	-	-	-	-	-	-	≤163	-
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Quenching in oil from 900 °C + Vacation
-	200	≥650	≥880	≥18	≥58	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm, length 30 mm forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥120	≥150	≥48	≥89	-	-	-
Long products (wire). Quenching in water or oil at 880 °C + Quenching in water or oil with 770-820 °C + Vacation at 180 °C, cooling in air or oil
≤15	-	≥635	≥780	≥11	≥40	≥579	-	-
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Quenching in oil from 900 °C + Vacation
-	300	≥690	≥880	≥16	≥65	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm, length 30 mm forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥63	≥93	≥56	≥74	-	-	-
Long products (wire). Cementation at 920-950 °C, air cooling + Quenching in oil from 800 °C + Vacation at 190 °C, air cooling
40-60	-	≥390	≥640	≥13	≥40	≥481	≥250	55-63
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Quenching in oil from 900 °C + Vacation
-	400	≥690	≥850	≥18	≥70	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm, length 30 mm forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥51	≥84	≥64	≥88	-	-	-
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Quenching in oil from 900 °C + Vacation
-	500	≥670	≥780	≥20	≥71	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm, length 30 mm forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥33	≥51	≥78	≥97	-	-	-
Seamless cold-worked tubes in the delivery condition heat-treated (NV - wall > 10 mm)
	-	-	≥431	≥17	-	-	≤179	-
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Quenching in oil from 900 °C + Vacation
-	600	≥610	≥730	≥20	≥70	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 6 mm, length 30 mm forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s
-	-	≥21	≥33	≥98	≥100	-	-	-
-	-	≥14	≥25	-	-	-	-	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
KCU	Toughness
HB	Brinell hardness number
HRC	Rockwell hardness (indenter diamond spheroconical)

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
0	216	84	7830	42	-	-
100	213	83	7810	42	105	496
200	198	76	7780	41	116	508
300	193	74	-	40	124	525
400	181	71	7710	38	131	537
800	133	50	-	31	14	626

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
G	Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	Welded without restriction (except chemical-thermally treated parts). Welding methods: SMAW, CCC.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости	Tend not.
The temperature of forging	Start - 1260 °C, the end - 760 °C. of the Workpiece cross-section up to 200 mm are cooled in air, 201-700 mm are subjected to low temperature annealing.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity	Insensitive.

Steel 20KH

Designation

Description