Beryllium brand, chemical structure
Beryllium — the element of the second period of the system of chemical elements D. I. Mendeleev, atomic number 4, is denoted as Be. It is durable and lightweight metal, which is used to produce components of satellites and space rockets. In powdered form it is very toxic, but large pieces are relatively harmless. Beryllium oxide, similar to an ordinary ceramics, is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, it is used as an electrical insulator.
| Atomic number Be | Atomic (molar) mass, g/mol | The degree of oxidation | Density [g/cm3] | The melting temperature t°C | The boiling point of t°C | The heat of fusion kJ/kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. 4 | 9 | 1,2 | 1,848 | 1282°C | 2970°C | Of 12.21 |
Chemical properties
.This element is chemically more similar than magnesium, which is in the same group and has the same valence of +2, and aluminum. At room temperature beryllium metal is low, the no is oxidized to t° of 600 °C and does not react in a compact form with hydrogen, water vapor and water even at red heat temperature. In powder form is flammable with formation of nitride and oxide. Beryllium reacts with Halogens at temperatures over 600 °C, with ammonia at t°>1200 °C, forming a nitride, Be3 N2, and with carbon at t° 1700 °C gives the carbide Ve2 S. the metal is easily soluble in diluted inorganic acids but concentrated cold nitric acid passivate it. From aqueous solution of alkalis it displaces the hydrogen, and itself turns into the hydroxide.
Scope
Broad use of beryllium finds in nuclear energy, x-ray and laser technology, alloying, alloys, in mining, in the aerospace industry. It is indispensable in the manufacture of heat shields and guidance systems. The alloys at the same time durable and resistant to high temperatures. Oxyliquit on the basis of beryllium is used to make powerful explosives. Bronze alloy Brb2 (contains 2% Be) has a high elasticity, durability and corrosion resistance. Copper alloy with beryllium is a high-tech alloy, have excellent mechanical characteristics and chemical resistance, which allows its use in industry and in the molding art.
Production
Beryllium bronze is produced in accordance with GOST 18 175−78 and special technical conditions (TU). Bronze-beryllium range is made by rolling, casting, pressing, drawing and forging, in accordance with GOST 24 301−93 Bronze-beryllium hexagon is of hexagonal cross section, in accordance with GOST 1628−78. Beryllium bronze according to its mechanical properties are superior to tin, they are often used in work in hazardous conditions because they do not spark when hitting other metal. Beryllium bronze is made of sheet, rod and wire. Tape normalized GOST 1789−79; Bars — GOST 15 835−70; the Cylindrical billet and the plate of bronze brand Br BNT — TU 48−21−92−89; Stripes and bars and rods of alloy Be — Co — Cu ICD of 0,5 — 2,5 TU 48−21−5049−74. Tape brands Brbnt1,9, Brb2, THE 48−21−265−87.
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