GOST Precision Alloys and Product Forms
GOST precision alloy overview
Precision alloys are engineered for controlled magnetic, electrical, elastic or thermal-expansion properties. Their performance depends on chemical composition, processing route, heat treatment and the governing specification, so the exact designation must be confirmed for every order.
- Magnetically soft.
- Magnetically hard
- With a specified elasticity property.
- Steels with a specified thermal coefficient of linear expansion.
- Superconducting
- Thermo-metals
These alloys have special physical and chemical characteristics, they are characterized by extreme precision of their composition, absence of foreign impurities, thoroughness of production and processing. Most of these alloys are based on iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper, which gives the alloys those very special qualities that distinguish them from the rest. For example, a number of magnetically soft alloys (permalloy, permendur, alloy, ferrite-nickel) or magnetically hard alloys (alni, manganin, viccaloy). Today it is difficult to do without alloys with specified electrical (alumel, copel, chromel), thermal (kovar, platinite) and elastic properties, without superconducting alloys (based on niobium with Zr, Ti, Mo, Tc, Re).
Concise Handbook of Precision Alloys
| Designation | Or | GOST, TU | Field of application |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27KH | EP685 | 10 994-74, 10 160-75 | Stators and rotors of electric motors designed to work at normal and elevated temperatures. Cold-rolled bands, hot-rolled sheets and bars, and forged bars. The alloy has a high saturation induction. |
| 29NK-vi, 29NK | 14 082-78 | Thermal expansion coefficient similar to glass, used for current input to radioelectronic devices. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets and rods, and forged bars. The alloy's TKLR is below average. | |
| 32NK | EP475vi, il. | 14-1-4422-88, 14-131-493-80 | Items with polished surface, complex shaped parts, dashed length measures. Hot-rolled and forged bars. Alloy with low TKLR. |
| 32NKD. | EI630A, Superinvar | 14 082-78 | For very high precision instrument parts requiring dimensional constancy in the temperature range. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets, hot-rolled and forged bars. Alloys with minimum or low TKLR |
| 33NK | N33K17, EP139 | 14 082-78 | Coupling with mica, ceramic or glass. |
| 36H, 36H-vi | Invar | 14 082-78, 10 994-74 | Fragments that do not change size with variations in outdoor temperature. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets and rods, forged bars. Alloy TKLR is low. |
| 36KNM, 36NKMP | permalloy | 10 994-74, 10 160-75 | Fragments that do not change dimensions with variations in ambient temperature. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets and rods, forged rods. The TKHR of the alloy is low. |
| 36NKHTU | 36NKHTU-vi, EI702, elinvar | GOST 14 119-85, 10 994-74 | Fragments that do not change size with changes in ambient temperature. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets and rods, forged rods. The TKHR of the alloy is low. |
| 36NKHTU5M. | EP51 | For gauges and parts operating at t° up to 350 C. Cold-rolled bands, wire, hot-rolled sheets, hot-rolled and forged bars. Corrosion resistant non-magnetic alloys | |
| 36NKHTU8M | EP52 | For fragments operating at t° up to 400 C. Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and circle, forged circle. Non-magnetic corrosion resistant alloy. | |
| 38NKD. | 10 994-74, 14 082-78 | For sealed junction with glass. Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. TKHR below average. | |
| 40KHNM. | EI995vi | 10 994-74 | Clock mechanism springs, cylindrical springs designed for t° up to 400 °C, electrical measuring instrument cores, surgical instruments. Cold-rolled band, wire. Corrosion-resistant non-magnetic alloys. |
| 40XNYU-VI. | Hot-rolled and forged round. Non-magnetic corrosion resistant alloys. | ||
| 42H, 42H-vi | 40H, 42H, H42, Feni | 14 082-78 | Electro-vacuum equipment. Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Lower and medium TKHR. |
| 42NCTU. | Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Alloys with consistently low modulus of elasticity. | ||
| 44NCTU | Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Alloys with a stable low modulus of elasticity. | ||
| 45Н | Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Alloys with good magnetic permeability and saturation induction | ||
| 45NHT | EP218 | 14-1-3074-80 | Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and circle, forged circle. Alloys with low and constant modulus of normal elasticity. Resonators of electromechanical systems. |
| 47ND | 14 082-78 | For sealed contacts with glass, ceramics and mica. Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. TKHR below average. | |
| 47NHR. | Cold-rolled strip, wire. TKHR below average. | ||
| 49KF | 10 994-74, 10 160-75 | Polar tips and cores of magnets and solenoids. Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. TKLR below and medium. | |
| 49K2F, 49K2FA-VI. | EP207, Permendur. | 14-1-1185-75 | Pole tips and cores of magnets and solenoids. Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. TKLR below average. |
| 50Н | 50H, EI676, EI467, permalloy | 10 160-75 | Magnetically soft alloy for cores of compact power transformers, chokes and relays. |
| 50NP | permalloy | 14-1-841-73 | Cores of magnetic amplifiers, switching chokes, rectifiers. Cold-rolled strips. Alloys with rectangular form of hysteresis. |
| 50HXS | permalloy | 14-131-722-89 | Cores of pulse transformers. Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and circle, forged circle. High magnetic permeability, significant electrical resistance. |
| 52Н | Cold-rolled strip, wire, hot-rolled sheet. TKHR below average. | ||
| 56DGNH | Hot-rolled rounds, forged rounds. Non-magnetic alloy with specified TKHR. | ||
| 68NHVKTU, 68NHVKTU-VI | EP578, EP578-vi, permalloy | 14-1-4470-88 | Elastic sensor elements designed to operate at t° from cryogenic to 500° C. Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled and forged circle. Corrosion resistant, non-magnetic alloy. |
| 79NM | permalloy | 10 160-75 | Magnetically soft alloy for cores of compact transformers, chokes and relays. |
| 80NM | Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Alloys with the best magnetic permeability in weak fields | ||
| 80HMV-VI. | Cold-rolled sheet, strip. Non-magnetic alloy with specified TKHR. | ||
| 80NHS | permalloy | 10 160-75 | Magnetically soft alloy for cores of magnetic heads. Cold-rolled strip, hot-rolled sheet and round, forged round. Alloys with maximum magnetic permeability in weak fields |
The technology for producing precision alloys differs in many ways from traditional metallurgy. The purity of the alloy itself, the absence of impurities is ensured by melting under special conditions, selection of the right charge for melting, using a special kind of remelting to obtain the purest possible alloy. Heat treatment of alloys is often carried out in a vacuum, hydrogen, and inert environments to avoid oxidation, and directional crystallization is used. The necessary qualities for a particular alloy are acquired not only by thermomechanical, but also by thermomagnetic treatment. Some of the alloys are obtained by composite technology and powder metallurgy. Supplied in the form of strips, wires, tubes, profiles.
Use
Without alloys with special properties today can't do without the production of precise instruments, standards of length measures, tuning forks, physical laboratory equipment, screens, computer memory elements. Without such alloys it is impossible to produce precise sensors, sensitive elements of devices, unique experimental and small-sized laboratory equipment, energy converters and converters. The production of televisions, clocks, radio receivers is also impossible without such alloys. They are a basis for progress in precision instrumentation, creating a variety of components for modern equipment. Use of such alloys provides not only special methods of manufacture but also demands high culture of exploitation.
Product forms and ordering details
Precision alloys may be supplied as sheet, strip, foil, wire, bar, rod, tube or profiles, depending on the grade. Specify the exact GOST or technical designation, dimensions, condition, tolerances, quantity, required physical properties, testing and inspection documents.
Related precision-alloy pages
See the DIN and EN precision-alloy overview, manganin products and Kovar products.
Request a GOST precision-alloy quote
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