Steel 12KH18N9 (Х18Н9)

Designation

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	12Х18Н9
Designation GOST Latin	12X18H9
Transliteration	12H18N9
By chemical elements	12Cr18Н9

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	Х18Н9
Designation GOST Latin	X18H9
Transliteration	H18N9
By chemical elements	Cr18Н9

Description

12KH18N9 steel is used: for the manufacture of chemical equipment; various items and structures made of sheet and strip, welded by spot welding, pipes and parts thereof; parts of aircraft; products subjected to heat treatment (tempering); the wire woven grids with square cells of micron size, used for control and separation of materials by particle size, filtration of liquids, gases and other purposes.

Note

Steel corrosion and heat-resistant.
Unstabilized chromium-Nickel steel of austenitic class.
The recommended maximum operating temperature for a long time +800 °C.
Temperature intense scaling in air +850 °C.
Steel is unstable in sulfur-containing environments and is used when cannot be applied, Nickel-free steel.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Sheets and strips	В23	GOST 103-2006
Bars and shapes	В22	GOST 1133-71, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Test methods. Packing. Marking	В09	GOST 11878-66
Wire, steel, alloy	В73	GOST 18143-72, TU 14-4-1068-80
Processing of metals by pressure. Forgings	В03	GOST 25054-81, ST ЦКБА 010-2004
Sheets and strips	В33	GOST 4405-75, GOST 5582-75, GOST 7350-77, TU 108-930-80, TU 14-105-451-86, TU 14-1-1517-76, TU 14-1-1749-76, TU 14-1-1750-76, TU 14-1-2186-77, TU 14-1-2476-78, TU 14-1-3199-81, TU 14-1-4780-90
Tape	В34	GOST 4986-79, TU 3-880-84, TU 14-1-1370-75, TU 14-1-3166-81, TU 14-1-4606-89, TU 14-1-4664-89, TU 14-1-3386-82
Classification, nomenclature and General rules	В30	GOST 5632-72
Bars and shapes	В32	GOST 5949-75, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 14955-77, GOST 18907-73, TU 14-1-1534-76, TU 14-1-1966-77, TU 14-1-2972-80, TU 14-1-377-72, TU 14-1-3957-85, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-1271-75
Steel pipes and fittings to them	В62	GOST 9940-81, GOST 9941-81, GOST 14162-79, TU 14-3-1406-86, TU 14-3-1654-89
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В21	OST 1 90176-75
Blanks. Of the workpiece. Slabs	В31	OST 3-1686-90, TU 14-1-565-84
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	STP 26.260.484-2004, ST ЦКБА 016-2005
Mesh metal	В76	TU 14-4-507-99

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu	V	Ti	Mo	W
TU 108-930-80	≤0.12	≤0.02	≤0.035	≤2	17-19	≤0.8	8-10	Rest	≤0.5	≤0.2	≤1	≤0.5	≤0.2
GOST 5632-72	≤0.12	≤0.02	≤0.035	≤2	17-19	≤0.8	8-10	Rest	≤0.4	≤0.2	≤0.5	≤0.5	≤0.2

Fe is the basis.
For aircraft components, the Mo content is ≤ 0.30%.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	d₄	d	y, %	HB, MPa
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Annealing in air 1020-1100 °C (aging of 1.0 to 1.5 min/mm of maximum cross section but not less than 0.5 h)
≤60	≥196	≥490	≥45	-	-	≥55	121-179
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥210	≥47	-	-	≥76	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Annealing in air 1020-1100 °C (aging of 1.0 to 1.5 min/mm of maximum cross section but not less than 0.5 h)
60-200	≥196	≥490	≥40	-	-	≥48	121-179
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥120	≥57	-	-	≥70	-
Blank pieces of pipe fittings according to ST CKBA 016-2005. Annealing in air 1020-1100 °C (aging of 1.0 to 1.5 min/mm of maximum cross section but not less than 0.5 h)
200-300	≥196	≥490	≥38	-	-	≥45	121-179
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥68	≥65	-	-	≥66	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2-2	-	≥1130	-	≥3	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥38	≥56	-	-	≥60	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2	-	≥1130	-	≥2	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥30	≥64	-	-	≥59	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2-2	-	≥980	-	≥5	-	-	-
A sample with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm, laminated. The rate of deformation of 1.1 mm/min strain Rate of 0.0004 1/s
-	-	≥16	≥45	-	-	≥71	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2	-	≥980	-	≥3	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥230	≥560	≥46	-	-	≥66	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2-2	-	≥780	-	≥15	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥180	≥450	≥36	-	-	≥68	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79 on delivery
0.2	-	≥780	-	≥8	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥160	≥420	≥29	-	-	≥66	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79. Quenching in water or air from 1050-1080 °C (samples)
0.2-2	-	≥530	-	≥35	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥150	≥420	≥26	-	-	≥61	-
Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.05-2.00 mm according to GOST 4986-79. Quenching in water or air from 1050-1080 °C (samples)
0.2	-	≥530	-	≥18	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥140	≥400	≥30	-	-	≥60	-
Sheet full hard GOST 5582-75. Without heat treatment
≤3.9	-	930-1230	≥13	-	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥140	≥390	≥31	-	-	≥61	-
Hot rolled sheet (of 1.5-3.9 mm) and cold rolled (0,7-3,9 mm) steel according to GOST 5582-75. Quenching in water or air from 1050-1080 °C
-	≥195	≥540	≥38	-	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥120	≥350	≥28	-	-	≥51	-
Hot rolled sheet (4,0-50,0 mm) and cold rolled (4,0-5,0 mm) steel according to GOST 7350-77. Quenching in water or under a water shower with 1050-1120 °C
-	≥215	≥530	≥38	-	-	-	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥120	≥280	≥27	-	-	≥52	-
Forgings <1000mm. Quenching in air, oil or water from 1050-1100 °C
	≥196	≥490	≥35	-	-	≥40	-
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1080 °C
-	≥120	≥270	≥20	-	-	≥40	-
The wire is heat-treated in the delivery condition according to GOST 18143-72 (elongation, % at rated sample length of 100 mm is specified for the wire of the 1st class in brackets are for 2nd class)
0.2-1	-	590-880	-	-	≥25 (≥20)	-	-
1.1-6	-	510-830	-	-	≥25 (≥20)	-	-
Cold drawn wire in the delivery state according to GOST 18143-72
0.2-3	-	1130-1470	-	-	-	-	-
3.4-6	-	1080-1420	-	-	-	-	-
Bars of polished, processed on a given strength (TS) according to GOST 18907-73
1-30	-	640-880	-	-	≥20	-	-
Bars hot rolled and forged according to GOST 5949-75. Quenching in air, oil or water from 1050-1100 °C
	≥196	≥490	≥45	-	-	≥55	-
Pre-painted steel sheet heat-treated (softening) on the other 14-1-3199-81
0.5-3	≥274.4	≥539	≥40	-	-	-	-
Tubes in the delivery condition, without heat treatment (specified wall thickness of pipe)
3.5-32	-	≥529	≥40	-	-	-	-
0.2-22	-	≥549	≥37	-	-	-	-
Forming at OST 1 90176-75. Quenching in air, oil or water from 1050-1100 °C
	≥196	≥540	≥45	-	-	≥60	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
d₄	Elongation after rupture
d	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
HB	Brinell hardness number

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	R, Mr. · m	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
0	199	77	7900	-	-	-	-
20	205	-	7900	15	725	-	-
100	202	-	7860	16	743	165	504
200	197	-	7820	18	819	172	-
300	190	-	7780	19	891	177	504
400	181	-	7740	20	851	181	-
500	173	-	7690	22	1001	183	-
600	160	-	7650	23	1048	186	-
700	150	-	7600	25	1098	189	-
800	-	-	7560	26	1140	193	-
900	-	-	7510	-	-	193	-
1000	-	-	-	-	-	197	-
1200	-	-	-	-	-	202	-

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity
a	The coefficient of linear expansion
С	Specific heat

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	Without restrictions. Welded joints made by other methods, in addition to spot welding, prone to intergranular corrosion. To increase the resistance to brittle destruction in kolosovo the zone of the welded joints operating at temperatures above 500 °C welded assemblies are subjected to tempering in air 970-1020 °C (aged for at least 2.5 minutes/mm of maximum wall thickness, but not less than 1 hour). In the presence of hard surfacing in welded assemblies to produce a stabilizing annealing at a temperature of 950-980 °C (aged for at least 2 h), cooling with the furnace or with the furnace to 300 °C and then in air. To relieve residual stresses of welded assemblies, complex configuration, apply leave in 585-615 °C with air cooling, if the temperature of the product does not exceed 500 °C.
The temperature of forging	Start - 1200 °C, the end - 850 °C. the cross Sections up to 350 mm cooled in air.
Macrostructure and pollution	Macrostructure of steel shall be no traces of shrinkage, delamination, foreign inclusions.
Features of heat treatment	Steel used for products, not subjected to welding is designed to work in environments do not cause intergranular corrosion. To increase the resistance against General corrosion and eliminate the tendency to intergranular corrosion and to improve the ductility of the workpiece material is subjected to annealing regime: heating to 1050-1100 °C, cooling in water. The holding time at the heating for hardening to products with a wall thickness up to 10 mm - 30 min, over 10 mm - 20 min + 1 min per 1 mm maximum thickness.
Corrosion resistance	The steel should not have the tendency to intergranular corrosion.