Steel 20KH13L

Designation

Name	The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic	20Х13Л
Designation GOST Latin	20X13L
Transliteration	20H13L
By chemical elements	20Cr13

Description

20KH13L steel is used: for the manufacture of castings parts exposed to impact loads (turbine blades, valves, hydraulic presses, valves cracking units, segments, nozzles, moulds for glass, frames sedimentary Windows, household items, etc.), and products that are exposed to relatively weak aggressive media (precipitation, wet steam, aqueous solutions of salts of organic acids at room temperature); casting parts for gas turbines and axial compressors operating at temperatures to +540 °C; tsentrobezhnolityh pipes intended for the manufacture of the coils of the tubular furnace installations production of ammonia, hydrogen, ethylene, carbon disulphide, etc., operating in the temperature range 760−1060 °C and a pressure of 3.92 MPa (40 kgf/cm²); casting equipment parts (valves) for nuclear power stations, heat supply stations, heat and power plants, experimental and research nuclear reactors and installations; casting investment casting for aircraft industry group I — loaded items with the specific requirements for density and mechanical properties: high load brackets, sealed the housing, the frames of gyroscopes, stabilizers, etc. and group II — non-loaded and lightly loaded parts, rings, flanges, fittings, leaking instrument cabinets, etc.

Note

Corrosion resistant steel heat-resistant martensitic class. If the steel 20KH13L used as high-temperature, the maximum operating temperature details 500 °C.
Steel 20KH13L somewhat less corrosion resistant in atmospheric conditions compared with steel stamps 15KH13L. The higher corrosion resistance of steel is achieved by heat treatment and polishing.

Standards

Name	Code	Standards
Castings with special properties (iron and steel)	В83	GOST 2176-77
Steel castings	В82	GOST 977-88, OST 108.961.04-80, OST 24.920.01-80, OST 3-4365-79, OST 1 80059-83, TU 26-02-19-75, TU 4112-091-00220302-2006, TU 5.961-11151-92
Hard alloys, ceramic-metal products and metal powder	В56	OST 107.750001.001-91
Welding and cutting metals. Soldering, riveting	В05	RTM 108.020.122-78
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals	В04	STP 26.260.484-2004
Steel pipes and fittings to them	В62	TU 1333-047-00220302-02

Chemical composition

Standard	C	S	P	Mn	Cr	Si	Ni	Fe	Cu
TU 5.961-11151-92	0.16-0.25	≤0.025	≤0.03	0.3-0.8	12-14	0.2-0.8	-	Rest	-
GOST 2176-77	0.15-0.25	≤0.025	≤0.03	0.3-0.8	12-14	0.2-0.8	≤0.5	Rest	≤0.3

Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 977-88, when steel is smelted in an induction furnace, a mass fraction of sulfur can be increased to 0.030%.
According to TU 5.961-11151-92 for castings of grades 1 and 2 the mass fraction of cobalt in steel should not exceed 0.20%, and for castings in the direct irradiation zone - 0.15%.
According to GOST 2176-77 the chemical composition is given for steel grade 20X13L. Deviations from the norms of chemical composition are allowed: for carbon ± 0.020%; for silicon ± 0.10%; on manganese, copper, chromium and nickel ± 0.10% each; by titanium and tungsten ± 0.050% each; by vanadium, molybdenum and niobium ± 0.020% each.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm	s_T\|s_0,2, MPa	σ_U, MPa	d₅, %	y, %	KCU, kJ/m²	HB, MPa
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
100	440-505	630-690	21-27	40-63	-	187-206
The castings are supplied according to GOST 2176-77
-	≥441	≥589	≥16	≥40	≥392	-
Castings with wall thickness up to 100 mm in the delivery state on the other 5.961-11151-92. Annealing at 940-960 °C, cooling with furnace + Quenching in oil with 1040-1060 °C + Vacation at 740-760 °C, air cooling
-	≥450	≥600	≥6	≥40	≥392	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
200	495-570	640-730	12-17	19-41	-	-
Casting parts of gas turbines. Quenching in oil with 1050 °C + Vacation at 740-760 °C, air cooling
-	≥441	≥589	≥14	≥35	≥290	201-241
Castings with wall thickness up to 100 mm in the delivery state on the other 5.961-11151-92. Annealing at 940-960 °C, cooling with furnace + Quenching in oil with 1040-1060 °C + Vacation at 740-760 °C, air cooling
-	≥360	-	-	-	-	-
Casting for STP 26.260.484-2004. Quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C + Vacation at 720-750 °C, air cooling
	≥450	≥600	≥16	≥40	≥392	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
10	390-460	610-680	22-28	51-64	-	-
Castings with wall thickness up to 100 mm in the delivery state on the other 5.961-11151-92. Annealing at 940-960 °C, cooling with furnace + Quenching in oil with 1040-1060 °C + Vacation at 740-760 °C, air cooling
-	≥340	-	-	-	-	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
100	430-500	630-670	22-27	45-61	-	187-206
Castings with wall thickness up to 100 mm in the delivery state on the other 5.961-11151-92. Annealing at 940-960 °C, cooling with furnace + Quenching in oil with 1040-1060 °C + Vacation at 740-760 °C, air cooling
-	≥320	-	-	-	-	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
200	540-570	680-710	10-14	20-30	-	-
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling
-	385-455	560-630	21-23	57-66	-	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
30	415-500	620-670	18-30	61-64	-	196-206
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling
-	355-445	520-600	18-22	55-65	-	-
Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling (named place of clippings sample)
50	385-460	610-650	15-29	22-67	-	187-206
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 940-950 °C + Vacation at 740-750 °C, air cooling
-	360-395	510-540	17-19	51-62	-	-
-	335-405	470-530	14-19	51-61	-	-
-	300-380	390-465	14-20	52-64	-	-

Description mechanical marks

Name	Description
s_T\|s_0,2	Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σ_U	Limit short-term strength
d₅	Elongation after rupture
y	The relative narrowing
KCU	Toughness
HB	Brinell hardness number

Physical characteristics

Temperature	Е, HPa	G, HPa	r, kg/m³	l, W/(m · °C)	R, Mr. · m	a, 10^-6 1/°C	С, J/(kg · °C)
20	222	87	7740	21	645	-	-
100	216	84	-	23	695	10	470
200	211	82	-	24	775	108	491
300	203	79	-	25	859	113	512
400	195	76	-	26	931	117	533
500	184	71	-	27	985	121	563
600	167	64	-	27	1055	124	596
700	149	55	-	27	1115	126	643
800	140	53	-	28	1125	128	680
900	-	-	-	28	1160	128	680
1100	-	-	-	-	-	108	693

A description of the physical symbols

Name	Description
Е	The normal elasticity modulus
r	Density
l	Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R	UD. the resistivity

Technological properties

Name	The value
Weldability	Limited weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, ADS under gas protection. Preheating and heat treatment are applied depending on weld type and purpose of construction.
Machinability	If HB >=170 Kn TV.SPL.=1,2 Kn b.St.=0,5.
Features of heat treatment	Steel products can be subjected to hardening, leave, annealing. The quenching and tempering of the products is done to achieve: a) maximum corrosion resistance; b) the specified level of mechanical properties. Steel castings 20KH13L can be subjected to heat treatment by two regimes: a) annealing at 950 °C, exposure of 2-3 h, air cooling; b) quenching in oil 1000-1050 °C, the holding time at the heating for hardening to products with a wall thickness up to 10 mm - 30 min, over 10 mm — 20 min + 1 min per 1 mm of maximum thickness + vacation at 720-750 °C, exposure for 1-2 h, air cooling.
Welding defects	Welding defects of castings after cutting is carried out with preliminary and attendant heating to 400-450 °C. Welding defects by manual welding is done with electrodes type e-06Х13Н (GOST 10052) brand CL-41.