Steel 35HML

Designation

Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic 35ХМЛ
Designation GOST Latin 35XML
Transliteration 35HML
By chemical elements 35CrMo

Description

35HML steel is used: for the manufacture of castings, gears, joints, bushings, gear rims and wheels, furnace parts and other critical parts which have to meet the requirement of high strength and toughness, working under the action of high static and dynamic loads and require high hardness; performance parts mining equipment parts heavy and transport machine-building; casting parts mining and metallurgical machinery; casting parts, steam, gas, hydraulic turbines, and axial compressors.

Note

Cold-resistant steel.

Standards

Name Code Standards
Castings with special properties (iron and steel) В83 GOST 21357-87, KSt 81-033:2009
Steel castings В82 GOST 977-88, OST 24.920.01-80, OST 3-4365-79, TU 108.11.352-87
Welding and cutting metals. Soldering, riveting В05 RTM 108.020.122-78

Chemical composition

Standard C S P Mn Cr Si Ni Fe Cu Mo
KSt 81-033:2009 0.3-0.4 ≤0.04 ≤0.04 0.4-0.9 0.8-1.1 0.2-0.4 - Rest - 0.2-0.3
GOST 21357-87 0.3-0.4 ≤0.02 ≤0.02 0.4-0.9 0.9-1.1 0.2-0.4 ≤0.3 Rest ≤0.3 0.2-0.3
Fe is the basis.

Mechanical properties

Section, mm t отпуска, °C sT|s0,2, MPa σU, MPa d y, % KCU, kJ/m2 HB, MPa
Hardening in air, 860-870 °C + vacation at 600-650 °C, air cooling
100 - ≥540 ≥687 ≥12 ≥25 ≥392 -
Normalization with 880-890 °C + vacation at 600 °C, air cooling
10 - 520-590 754-840 13-18 30-43 - 229-255
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Quenching with 860-870 °C + vacation
- 600 740 830 22 52 - 250
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 920-930 °C + vacation at 580-600 °C, 1 h cooling with the furnace, then air
- - 400-500 640-700 12-19 25-47 - -
Normalization at 860-880 °C + vacation at 600-650 °C, air cooling
100 - ≥392 ≥589 ≥12 ≥20 ≥294 163-225
Normalization with 880-890 °C + vacation at 600 °C, air cooling
100 - 390-450 690-750 13-19 22-53 - 216-255
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Quenching with 860-870 °C + vacation
- 650 700 830 26 55 - 238
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 920-930 °C + vacation at 580-600 °C, 1 h cooling with the furnace, then air
- - 440-490 640-690 12-16 23-49 - -
Annealing at 850-870 °C, cooling with the furnace
100 - - - - - - 160-229
Normalization with 880-890 °C + vacation at 600 °C, air cooling
200 - 300-330 640-660 11-15 19-23 - 206
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Quenching with 860-870 °C + vacation
- 700 640 760 32 60 - 225
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 920-930 °C + vacation at 580-600 °C, 1 h cooling with the furnace, then air
- - 450-590 680-780 9-14 17-41 - -
Normalization with 880-890 °C + vacation at 600 °C, air cooling
30 - 500-520 730-750 15-22 32-44 - 229
Casting. Quenching in oil with 890-910 °C + vacation at 620-640 °C, cooling in air or in oil (KCU-60)
- - ≥600 ≥700 ≥10 ≥18 ≥3 -
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 920-930 °C + vacation at 580-600 °C, 1 h cooling with the furnace, then air
- - 410-530 650-720 12-20 36-62 - -
Normalization with 880-890 °C + vacation at 600 °C, air cooling
50 - 445-530 730-790 14-19 23-45 - 216-255
Casting a cross section of 30 mm. Normalization at 920-930 °C + vacation at 580-600 °C, 1 h cooling with the furnace, then air
- - 345-425 445-550 17-21 51-74 - -
Annealing at 880-890 °C, air cooling up to 250-300 °C + aging 2 hours in a furnace at 250 °C + heat to 600-610 °C, air cooling + tempering in oil 870-880 °C + vacation at 630-640 °C, air cooling
10 - 640-740 810-870 12-15 36-44 - 255-285
50 - 495-580 740-780 15-17 28-44 - -

Description mechanical marks

Name Description
sT|s0,2 Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σU Limit short-term strength
d Elongation after rupture
y The relative narrowing
KCU Toughness
HB Brinell hardness number

Physical characteristics

Temperature Е, HPa G, HPa r, kg/m3 l, W/(m · °C) R, Mr. · m a, 10-6 1/°C С, J/(kg · °C)
0 215 83 7840 47 242 - -
20 215 - 7840 47 242 - -
100 212 81 - 44 273 122 479
200 207 79 - 42 337 126 500
300 203 77 - 40 438 134 512
400 192 74 - 37 549 143 529
500 179 69 - 34 674 145 550
600 166 63 - 31 830 146 580
700 141 53 - 28 983 147 617
800 130 49 - 27 1120 122 689
900 - - - 27 1201 122 689
1100 - - - - - 127 685

A description of the physical symbols

Name Description
Е The normal elasticity modulus
G Modulus of elasticity shear torsion
r Density
l Coefficient of thermal conductivity
С Specific heat

Technological properties

Name The value
Weldability Limited weldability. Welding methods - RDS, ADS under gas protection. Recommended heating and subsequent heat treatment.
Склонность к отпускной хрупкости Tend not.
Flock-sensitive sensitivity Sensitive.
Machinability After quenching and tempering at NV 217-269 and blower SB=690-900 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=0,72 Kn b.St.=0,63.
Welding defects Welding defects of castings after cutting is carried out with preliminary and attendant heating to 250-300 °C. Welding defects by manual welding is done with electrodes type e-09Х1М (GOST 9467) brand CO-2XM. After repair of defects by welding is applied heat treatment.