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Drill pipe classification

According to the type of connection drill pipes are subdivided into the following varieties:

• - with the ends planted outward, equipped with sleeves or stabilizing conical bands;
• - with inwardly thrust ends, subdivided into tubes with couplings and tubes with stabilizing bevels.
• - With welded connection ends.

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Manufacturing

Production of drill pipe is made of different steel grades or light metal alloys, which serves as one of the classification criteria. Steel drill pipe can be made of D, K, E, L, M, R and T grades. A distinction is made between standard and weighted drill pipe. The last type is used to increase weight and rigidity of drill string and is available in two versions.

Types of drill collars

Two types of drill pipe are hot-rolled and balanced products. The former are used for hydraulic downhole motors, because the pipe is subjected to less stress in this case. The reason of this is that during drilling with downhole hydraulic motors the pipe string does not rotate. Consequently, the bending and reactive moments are low and do not reach critical values. Hot-rolled drill pipe is characterized by lower strength values and larger tolerances for curvature, differentness and ovality.

Duralumin

The drill pipe is also made of duralumin - an alloy of aluminum (its percentage in the alloy is 93 percent), copper (about 5 percent of the total substance) and manganese (sometimes the alloy also contains small amounts of iron and magnesium). For core drilling and coreless drilling the universal, weighted steel and duraluminiy drill pipes are used, and for drilling with hydraulic core transport the double drill pipes with outer steel or duraluminiy pipe are used.

Mechanical properties of drill pipe

GOST provides the following specifications on materials used for drill pipe manufacture. The main material is 36G2S steel with the following chemical composition:

• carbon ... 0,32 - 0,40;
• manganese... 1.5-1.8;
• silicon... 0.4 - 0.7;
• chromium... no more than 0.3;
• Nickel ... not more than 0.4;
• sulfur ... not more than 0.045;
• phosphorus... not more than 0.040.

It is acceptable upon agreement with a customer to manufacture tubing with U and UZ type hardening from steel 45.

Mechanical properties of 36G2S steel pipes

Welded locks

Welded locks should be made of 40XN steel, the mechanical properties of which after volumetric heat treatment should be no less than the following:

• - tensile strength, MPa (^kgf/mm2) 882 (90)
• - yield strength, MPa (^kgf/mm2) 686 (70)
• - Elongation % 15
• - percentage contraction, % 50
• - Tensile strength KCU, at 20°C, ^Nm/cm2 (kgf x ^m/cm2) 118 (12)
• - material hardness, HRC 26

Welded locks must be chemically hardened. To ensure average MTBF over 6400 hours, tool joint surfaces are additionally hardened with wear-resistant material.

Durability of drill pipe

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