Density and specific heat capacity of low-alloy structural steel for welded structures. Physical and mechanical properties.
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Composition and performance characteristics
In industry and construction, low-carbon low-alloy steel alloys are widely used. The total percentage of the alloying elements (without carbon) is usually within 2...4%, and the carbon content e does not exceed 0.25...0.30%. According to the presence of alloying elements the steels of the group under consideration are subdivided into the following groups:
- With the increased content of manganese;
- With an increased content of silicon and manganese;
- With an increased content of chromium, nickel, silicon and manganese.
The mandatory presence of manganese in the chemical composition of steel alloys is due to the fact that this element increases toughness and resistance to brittle fracture at low temperatures without reducing the ability of steel to weld. Manganese steel forms a strong weld that is resistant to the action of dynamic and impact loads. Most low-alloy constructional steels with high weldability contain up to 0.25-0.3% copper. Copper gives steels of the group higher resistance to corrosion processes, especially if they occur in the environment with high humidity.
Cost of production
The production cost of these steels is low also because the rolled billets are made by means of hot-rolling technologies. After forging such steels are heat-treated, and with increasing thickness the mechanical properties of steels increase more intensively. By contrast, the cold brittleness threshold decreases. Evek GmbH offers to buy welded structural steel at an affordable price in a wide range. We provide delivery of products anywhere in the continent. The price is optimal.
Physical properties
The thermal conductivity λ of the steels in question, as well as their linear expansion α during welding, are of particular importance for welding, which determines the accuracy of the finished construction. These characteristics are not constant values, but depend on the temperature, as shown in the following table:
Steel grade | α106, °С-1 | λ, W/m°С | |||||||
in the temperature range, 0 С | |||||||||
20...100 | 20...200 | 20...300 | 20...400 | 20...500 | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | |
20Х | 11,3 | 11.6 | 12,5 | 13,2 | 13,7 | 49,8 | 46,0 | 42,0 | 40,0 |
20Г | 12,3 | - | 13,2 | - | 14,9 | 77,9 | 66,5 | 47,6 | - |
20KHF | 12,0 | 12,5 | - | 13,0 | 13,7 | 49,0 | 46,0 | 46,0 | 40,0 |
30CRM | 12,3 | 12,5 | 12,9 | 13,9 | - | 35,7 | 34,4 | 32,8 | - |
12CRNI2 | 12,6 | 13,8 | 14,6 | 14,8 | 14,3 | - | - | - | - |
12CRNI3A | 11,8 | 13,8 | 14,0 | 14,7 | 15,6 | - | - | - | - |
20XHN3A | 11,0 | - | 13,0 | - | 14,5 | - | - | - | - |
18CR2H4VA | 14.5 | 14.5 | - | 14.3 | 14,2 | 38,8 | 37,6 | 33,4 | 31,5 |
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Are you interested in the properties, density, heat capacity of low alloy steel alloys? Supplier Evek GmbH offers to buy low-alloy steel alloys in any quantity at manufacturer's price. We provide product delivery anywhere in the continent. The price is optimal. We invite you to partner cooperation.