Corrosion properties of tin
Moisture resistance
Tin is resistant to adverse atmospheric conditions. Its corrosion rate indoors is 0.0004 g/(m2 - day), outdoors in rural areas is 0.0007 g/(m2 - day), in industrial areas in cities 0.0067 g/(m2 - day) and in the marine atmosphere reaches 0.011 g/(m2 - day). In fresh and distilled soft water tin does not corrode. In hard tap water at pH 7.4-8.6 the corrosion rate at room temperature is 0.001 and 0.0045 g/(m2-days ).
Resistance to acids
Tin corrodes rapidly in hydrogen-halogen and mineral acids, particularly at elevated temperatures and in the presence of oxygen. Hydrocyanic and hydrofluoric acids attack tin slowly. This metal corrodes in organic acids: malic, citric, succinic, malonic and acetic at room temperature and concentration above 0.75% at a rate of 0.05-0.1 g/(m2 - day). Aeration in the presence of oxygen increases the rate of degradation. In oily and lactic acids with concentrations of more than 1%, the rate of corrosion of this metal at room temperature is insignificant. Stearic, oleic and especially oxalic acids act strongly on tin at high temperature. Fruit juices (tomato, lemon, apple, grape) have minimum effect, corrosion rate in juices is 0.1-2.5 g/(m2 - day) at room temperature. But at boiling temperature, their aggressive effect increases tenfold. Tin is used in beer production, but is not recommended for use in the wine industry.
Persistence in technical liquids
Kerosene, gasoline and lubricating oils have almost no effect on tin. This metal corrodes insignificantly in ethanol at room temperature (0.011 to 0.013 g/(m2 - 24 hours). But tin corrodes strongly in bromine, chlorine and iodine at room temperature, and begins to dissolve in fluorine at over 100 °C. Tin is also readily soluble in strong inorganic acids and alkalis. In weak diluted alkali solutions (ammonia, soda), tin dissolves weakly.
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