Methods of melting stainless steel
Relevance
Among other types of stainless steel corrosion-resistant chromium-nickel steel 12x18N10T is very popular in modern industry. Most often it serves for the production of heat-resistant and heat-resistant castings, Such steel is used in the manufacture of stainless steel tubes, sheets, circles, wires and other stainless steel rolled products. Steel 12x18N10T refers to the class of austenitic steels and are characterized by high stability and "longevity".
General characteristics
Manufacturing of stainless steel is carried out in special shops of mass production in electric furnaces, which are assigned to a particular brand, which provides the product with a quality technical characteristic. Modern production practice uses several methods of stainless steel melting, which differ in quantity and quality of primary material, small "technological" discrepancies and technical equipment.
The main methods of melting of steel 12x18N10T
In modern manufacture there are several ways of melting of stainless steel. 1) Melting by "method of mixing". The bottom line is as follows. One furnace melts nickel with soft iron, and the second - the soft iron with ferrochrome or remelting scrap steel 12x18H10T. The resulting melts are mixed. 2) The method of remelting using low-carbon charge blooms. The essence of the method consists in joint charging of soft iron blooms and 12x18N10T scrap into a furnace. The resulting metal is refined. However, when using this method, it is necessary to carry out prevention of melting bath carburizing. 3) The method of remelting waste using oxygen. This method allows to control the amount of carbon in the smelting process. Silicon additives play a decisive role in the technology.
History
Initially, total oxidation was the main method by which stainless steel was smelted. Full oxidation of the melt and impurities under the white slag was practiced. However, this method had many drawbacks, so it had to be abandoned. It was replaced by the method of partial oxidation, which involved production directly in the furnace of soft iron with a low amount of carbon. This method made it possible to obtain stainless steel of the required quality in 95% of all melts, and the carbon content in the finished product was only 0.12%. There was also a method created at the Kirov Plant, so today it is called the Kirov Plant method. Its essence is that it is refined under alumina slag from ground chamotte. The Kirov plant specialists recommend having 0.25-0.35% carbon in the first samples during smelting, which is similar to the partial oxidation method. The last method was the fusion method. Its essence is described above. This method easily achieves a very low percentage of carbon.
Buy, price
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