Steel 25L

  • 08L steel
  • 15L steel
  • Steel 20L
  • Steel 25L
  • 30L steel
  • Steel 35L
  • 40L steel
  • 45L steel
  • 50L steel

    • Designation

    Name The value
    Designation GOST Cyrillic 25Л
    Designation GOST Latin 25L
    Transliteration 25L
    By chemical elements 25

    Description

    25L steel is used: for the manufacture of castings, machine beds, rolling mills, pulleys, traverse, pistons, books, covers, cylinders, flat plates, frames, rollers, and trucks, troughs, bearing housings, parts of welded-cast structures and other parts operating at temperatures from -40 to +450 °C under pressure; casting parts for gas turbines and axial compressors operating at temperatures from -40 to +350 °C; casting the 2nd and 3rd parts of pipe fittings with the working environment temperature from -30 to +450 °C without restriction of the nominal working pressure; casting parts mining and metallurgical equipment; stationary parts of steam turbines operating at temperatures up to 425 °C; cast of the centres of wheelsets of locomotives and motor cars of electric and diesel trains of the Railways of 1520 mm in climatic design UHL; casting equipment parts (valves) for nuclear power stations, heat supply stations, heat and power plants, experimental and research nuclear reactors and installations; tsentrobezhnolityh pipes used as components in equipment for metallurgical, engineering, glass, ceramic, mining and processing petrochemical industry and is intended for the manufacture of blanks and parts used in the composition of the products of aviation and the nuclear industry.

    Note

    Steel pearlitic class.
    Allowed to apply casting parts of pipe fittings of steel grade 25L to the operating temperature minus 40 °C subject to thermal treatment in the hardening regime plus vacation or normalizing plus a vacation with the testing of impact toughness KCU-40≥200 kJ/m2 (2,0 kgf·m/cm2).

    Standards

    Name Code Standards
    Bandages. Wheels. Axis В41 GOST 4491-86
    Steel castings В82 GOST 977-88, OST 108.961.04-80, OST 26-07-402-83, OST 24.920.01-80, OST 3-4365-79, OST 5Р.9285-95, TU 26-02-19-75, TU 108.11.352-87, TU 108-11-539-87, TU 108-23.45-88, TU 108.671-84, TU 108-978-80, TU 4112-091-00220302-2006, TU 03.12290-95, ST ЦКБА 014-2004, TU 5.961-11151-92
    Castings with special properties (iron and steel) В83 OST 108.961.02-79, OST 108.961.03-79, KSt 81-033:2009, TU 4112-78269737-008-05
    Classification, nomenclature and General rules В20 OST 84-218-85
    Welding and cutting metals. Soldering, riveting В05 RTM 108.020.122-78
    Steel pipes and fittings to them В62 TU 1333-003-76886532-2014

    Chemical composition

    Standard C S P Mn Cr Si Ni Fe Cu
    OST 108.961.02-79 0.22-0.3 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 0.4-0.9 ≤0.3 0.2-0.52 ≤0.3 Rest ≤0.3
    KSt 81-033:2009 0.22-0.3 ≤0.04 ≤0.04 0.45-0.9 - 0.2-0.52 - Rest -
    OST 108.961.03-79 0.22-0.27 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 0.4-0.9 ≤0.3 0.2-0.52 ≤0.3 Rest ≤0.3
    GOST 4491-86 0.22-0.3 ≤0.025 ≤0.03 0.6-0.9 ≤0.5 0.2-0.52 ≤0.5 Rest ≤0.4
    TU 5.961-11151-92 0.22-0.3 ≤0.025 ≤0.025 0.45-0.9 - 0.2-0.52 - Rest -
    Fe is the basis.
    According to GOST 977-88 the mass fraction of S and P content is indicated for 1 group of castings from the main steel. The content of sulfur and phosphorus in the castings of groups 2 and 3, in sour and basic open-hearth steel - see Table 4a in GOST 977-88.
    According to OST 5R.9285-95, in the case of steel smelted in the main electric furnaces as cold-resistant (technical conditions of the order or requirements of the drawing), the sulfur and phosphorus content should not be more than 0.020% of each. As agreed by the manufacturer with the developer OST 5P.9285-95 (CRI "Prometey"), the content of sulfur and phosphorus is allowed up to 0.030% of each.
    According to TU 5.961-11151-92 for castings of grades 1 and 2 the mass fraction of cobalt in steel should not exceed 0.20%, and for castings in the direct irradiation zone - 0.15%.

    Mechanical properties

    Section, mm sT|s0,2, MPa σU, MPa d y, % KCU, kJ/m2 HB, MPa
    Quenching with 870-890 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 610-630 °C, air cooling
    100-300 ≥202 ≥386 ≥13 ≥11 ≥300 -
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 235-265 490 22-26 37-51 - -
    Annealing at 900 °C (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
    - ≥245 ≥490 ≥23 ≥35 - -
    Quenching with 870-890 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 610-630 °C, air cooling
    100 ≥294 ≥491 ≥22 ≥33 ≥343 -
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 225 460 16-20 40-45 - -
    Annealing at 900 °C (indicated temperature and time of heat exposure)
    - ≥220 ≥475 ≥26 ≥47 - -
    Casting parts of gas turbines. Normalization at 880-900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 610-630 °C, air cooling
    - ≥235 ≥441 ≥19 ≥30 ≥392 124-150
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 225 470 14-17 24-31 - -
    Castings for shipbuilding. Normalization when 880-910 °C + Vacation at 630-670 °C, air cooling
    - ≥240 ≥450 ≥20 ≥30 ≥400 124-151
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 225 430 18-21 54-62 - -
    Casting of body parts stationary steam turbines. Normalization at 880-930 °C + vacation at 620-650 °C, air cooling
    - ≥240 ≥450 ≥19 ≥30 ≥392 -
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 185 245 22 70 - -
    Centers cast of railcar wheel pairs according to the GOST 4491-86. Normalization at 940-960 °C (exposure for 2.5-3.0 h), accelerated cooling to 300-400 °C at a speed of at least 0.4 °C·s-1 + Vacation at 640-660 °C, exposure for 2.5-3.0 h (KCU+20°/KCU-60°)
    ≥265 ≥470 ≥20 ≥30 ≥490/245 -
    Normalization at 900 °C, air cooling + Vacation at 620-680 °C, air cooling
    - 130 145 22-27 73 - -
    Annealing at 900 °C, furnace cooling
    - 205-255 420-480 22-33 37-51 - -
    - 195-225 400-450 15-27 36-46 - -
    - 165-195 360-420 16-28 40-58 - -
    - 155-195 370-450 14-26 34-43 - -
    - 155-195 340-450 15-28 30-60 - -
    - 125-160 225-295 26-34 60-75 - -
    - 80-120 110-160 24-36 59-73 - -
    Casting of body parts stationary steam turbines. Normalization at 880-930 °C + vacation at 620-650 °C, air cooling
    - ≥200 - - - - -
    - ≥180 - - - - -
    - ≥160 - - - - -
    - ≥140 - - - - -
    Castings with wall thickness up to 100 mm in the delivery state on the other 5.961-11151-92. Normalization at 880-900 °C + Vacation at 610-670 °C. the Critical temperature of brittleness of TKO ≤ 50 °C.
    - ≥235 ≥440 ≥19 ≥30 ≥392 124-151
    - ≥180 ≥420 - ≥30 - -
    - ≥170 ≥380 - ≥28 - -
    - ≥150 ≥370 - ≥26 - -

    Description mechanical marks

    Name Description
    sT|s0,2 Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
    σU Limit short-term strength
    d Elongation after rupture
    y The relative narrowing
    KCU Toughness
    HB Brinell hardness number

    Physical characteristics

    Temperature r, kg/m3 l, W/(m · °C) a, 10-6 1/°C С, J/(kg · °C)
    20 7830 51 - -
    100 - 76 115 470
    200 - 65 129 470
    300 - 44 13 -
    400 - 38 132 483
    500 - - 132 -
    700 - - 135 -
    600 - - - 525
    800 - - - 571

    A description of the physical symbols

    Name Description
    Е The normal elasticity modulus
    r Density
    l Coefficient of thermal conductivity
    С Specific heat

    Technological properties

    Name The value
    Weldability Limited weldability. Welding methods: SMAW, ADS under gas protection electroslag welding. Recommended heating and subsequent heat treatment. After repair of defects by welding is applied leave in 619-660 °C.
    Склонность к отпускной хрупкости Tend not.
    Flock-sensitive sensitivity not sensitive.
    Machinability In heat treated condition with HB of 160 Kn TV.SPL.=1,25 Kn b.St.=1,0.
    Surfacing Surfacing of sealing surfaces of valves in accordance with OST 26-07-2028-81 is made by manual arc welding electrodes type e-20X13 with plaster SSSI-13НЖ, NII-48, NII-48Ж-1 or SV wire-12H13 or SV-20X13. Surface preparation for overlay welding is performed by machining. Surfacing is performed with preliminary and accompanying heating to 400-450 °C is not less than 3 layers with thickness not less than 4 mm, excluding allowance for machining. Heat treatment after welding is produced by tempering at 550-600 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=301-350, at 600-650 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=240 to 300, at 400-450 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=351-400. The temperature of the furnace when loading the details for the home should be no more than 300 °C.
    Welding defects Welding defects of castings after cutting is usually carried out without prior and concomitant heating. By semiautomatic welding in carbon dioxide environment used welding wire SV-08G2S diameter of 2 mm at a current of 380-420 A. Welding defects by manual welding is done with electrodes Э42А type (GOST 9467) brand SSSI-13/45. When welding the hard contour of the casting or of the sample volume more than 2000 cm3 is recommended before applying the first roller to pre-heating at 120-150 °C. When welding is sample size more than 5000 cm3 it is necessary to produce preliminary and accompanying heating to 150-180 °C.